| |
| e-Government
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Electronic Government)
e-Government (from electronic government, also known as e-gov, digital government, online government or in a certain context transformational government) refers to government?s use of information technology to exchange information and services with citizens, businesses, and other arms of government. e-Government may be applied by the legislature, judiciary, or administration, in order to improve internal efficiency, the delivery of public services, or processes of democratic governance. The primary delivery models are Government-to-Citizen or Government-to-Customer (G2C), Government-to-Business (G2B) and Government-to-Government (G2G) & Government-to-Employees (G2E).
Within each of these interaction domains, four kind of activities take place[1] The simplest type of activity is to provide information over the Internet, such as regulatory services, general holidays, public hearing schedules, issue briefs, notifications, etc. The second type of activity allows two-way communicationsbetween the agency and the citizen, a business, or another government agency. In this model, users can engage in dialogue with agencies and post problems, comments, or requests to the agency. The third form of activity that takes place over the Internet involves conducting transactions. The final and fourth form of activity that takes over the web centres on governance, e.g., online polling, voting, and campaigning.
The most important anticipated benefits of e-government include improved efficiency, convenience, and better accessibility of public services.
While e-government is often thought of as "online government" or "Internet-based government," many non-Internet "electronic government" technologies can be used in this context. Some non-internet forms include telephone, fax, PDA, SMS text messaging, MMS, wireless networks and services, Bluetooth, CCTV, tracking systems, RFID, biometric identification, road traffic management and regulatory enforcement, identity cards, smart cards and other NFC applications; polling station technology (where non-online e-voting is being considered), TV and radio-based delivery of government services, email, online community facilities, newsgroups and electronic mailing lists, online chat, and instant messaging technologies. There are also some technology-specific sub-categories of e-government, such as m-government (mobile government), u-government (ubiquitous government), and g-government (GIS/GPS applications for e-government).
There are many considerations and potential implications of implementing and designing e-government, including disintermediation of the government and its citizens, impacts on economic, social, and political factors, and disturbances to the status quo in these areas.
In countries such as the United Kingdom, there is interest in using electronic government to re-engage citizens with the political process. In particular, this has taken the form of experiments with electronic voting, aiming to increase voter turnout by making voting easy. The UK Electoral Commission has undertaken several pilots, though concern has been expressed about the potential for fraud with some electronic voting methods[2].
|
|
|
